Fundamental Constants
Energy
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•1 joule (J) = 1 kg · m2 · s–2
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•1 calorie (cal) = 4.184 J
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•1 V = 96.485 kJ/mol
Force
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•1 newton (N) = 1 kg · m/s2
Length
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•1 meter (m) = 39.37 inches (in)
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•1 inch = 2.54 centimeters (cm)—exact
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•1 Å = 10–10 m
Mass
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•1 kilogram (kg) = 2.205 pounds (lb)
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•1 lb = 453.6 grams (g)
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•1 amu = 1.661 × 10–24 g
Pressure
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•1 atm = 760 mm Hg (torr) = 1.01325 × 105 Pa
Volume
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•1 liter (L) = 1000 mL = 1000 cm3
Physical Constants
| Avogadro's number | NA = 6.0221 × 1023 mol−1 |
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| Electronic charge | e = 1.6022 × 10−19 coulomb (C) |
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| Electron rest mass | me = 9.1094 × 10−31 kg |
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| Faraday constant | ℱ = 9.6485 × 104 C · mol−1 |
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| Gas constant |
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| Neutron rest mass | mn = 1.675 × 10−27 kg |
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| Planck's constant | h = 6.6261 × 10−34 J · s |
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| Proton rest mass | mp = 1.6726 × 10−27 kg |
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| Speed of light (in vacuum) | c = 2.9979 × 108 m · s−1 |
Physical Constants
Temperature
| 0 K | = | –273.15° Celsius (C) |
| = | –459.67° Fahrenheit (F) | |
| °F | = | (9/5)°C + 32° |
| °C | = | (5/9)(°F – 32°) |
| K | = | °C + 273.15 |
SI Prefixes
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•109 giga (G)
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•106 mega (M)
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•103 kilo (k)
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•10–1 deci (d)
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•10–2 centi (c)
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•10–3 milli (m)
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•10–6 micro (µ)
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•10–9 nano (n)
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•10–12 pico (p)